This film demonstrates how to construct a simple plan, elevation and end views in third angle projection. Why orthographic projection is used in technical drawing 3d projections are useful in that they provide an image that is similar to the image in the designers minds eye. Fundamentals of drafting first angle orthographic projection objectives. The measurements of overall width a, height b and depth c are transferred from the orthographic to the isometric by counting grid spaces. Orthographic projection technique can produce either 1. The number of orthographic views needed to describe an. The other standard orthographic projection method is first angle projection. The orthographic projection method is employed in making engineering drawings. Orthographic projection drawing a twodimensional graphic representation of an object in which the projecting lines are at right angles to the place of the projection. Although 3d projections provide a readily identifiable visual image of an object, multiview projections are ideal for showing the details of an object. Exercises include missing views, multiview, and isometric sketches using orthographic and isometric grids. Orthographic drawing worksheet isometric to orthographic.
Orthographic projections are among the most commonly used in the engineering industry to represent 3d components, structures and spaces in 2d. Orthographic projection comes under the category of nonpictorial drawing. Orthographic projection drawing a twodimensional graphic representation of an object in which the projecting lines are at right angles to the place of the. Both drawing types are used in technical drawing for communication. An engineering drawing is a drawing or a set of drawings that communicates an idea, design, schematic, or model. An orthographic projection can show the true dimensions and shape of a single planar face of an object. Welcome to the department of mechanical engineering, part of the college of science and engineering, serving the state and nation as a leading center of education, research, and innovation. Orthographic projection orthographic or orthogonal projection or sometimes called working drawing is a system of drawings obtained in which the object is viewed at right angle and projected on to a perpendicular plane. A collection of 2d drawings can be used to represent a 3d object in orthographic projection and consists of six orthographic views top, bottom, right, left, front and. Pdf this book includes practice problems for engineering drawing course. In this drawing, it is assumed that the object is at infinity. Slide set 2 drawing views and orthographic projection i.
Horizontal plane hp vertical plane vp side or profile plane pp different views are. To explain with the aid of drawings the meaning of orthographic projection in terms of. Orthographic projection all dimension in millimetres orthographic projection exercises mod 22 exercises. Engineering drawing notes cupe 119, prepared by mr j mavengere orthographic projection introduction any object has three dimensions, that is, length, width and thickness. See more ideas about technical drawing, isometric drawing, interesting drawings. Orthographic projections indian institute of technology.
Orthographic projections orthographic projections are a collection of 2d drawings that work together to give an accurate overall representation of an object. Graphics isometric to orthographic projection sum no 1 technical drawing engineering graphics isometric to orthographic projection sum no 1 technical drawing engineering graphics. Think of it as an observer look at one face, what do they see. Orthographic projection 2 1 orthographic projection in chapter 2 you will learn the importance of engineering graphics and how to create an orthographic projection. Each projection view represents two dimensions of an object. Notice how the symbol for first angle orthographic projection has been added and the paper has a title block and. Feel free to explore, study and enjoy paintings with. Typically, an orthographic projection drawing consists of three different views. Orthographic projections orthographic projections is a technical drawing in which different views of an object are projected on different reference planes observing perpendicular to respective reference plane. These drawings are formed by projecting the edges of the object perpendicular to the desired planes of projection. First angle and third angle projection are types of orthographic projection system.
To represent a 3d object in a 2d plane orthographic projection. Slide set 2 drawing views and orthographic projection i third angle projection. Whereas 3rd angle projection is more popular in north america and asian countries. How to make prints a machinist will love making drawings is a skill that any practicing engineer needs to master. Standard engineering layout what joel needswith isometric drawing needs baseline tho too. Have your students get start drafting engineering drawings by practice taking an isometric view of an object and transforming it to an orthographic view students are given a 3d isometric view of an object and must draw the 2d orthographic view of the top, front, and side of the object and then use those drawings to construct full. Before watching this video i would strongly recommend you all to learn the basics of orthographic projections from this video. An orthographic projection describes the shape of an object. Textbook of engineering drawing, second edition xfiles. Engineering graphics orthographic projection lecture. Projections in engineering drawing first and third angle. The textbook follows the firstangle method of orthographic projection, however, the thirdangle projection method has.
The only difference between first angle and third angle projection is the position of the views. By definition for each element of a orthographic projection drawing you only present 2 of the three dimensions. Engineering drawing pdf notes ed pdf notes smartzworld. Isometric drawing step 1 step 1 sketching the object as if it were a complete cube without any cuts.
Basic concepts of orthographic projections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 orthographic problems with solution pdf. Multiview drawing that each view show an object in two dimensions. Lines on an engineering drawing signify more than just the geometry of the object and it is important that the appropriate line type is used. Another example of first angle orthographic projection is shown below. Orthographic projection engineering drawing joshua. Home mechanical engineering college of science and. Isometric view orthographic projection engineering drawing. Download this pdf document so that you can access it anytime and print any page that you may want to use the following pages contain information and exercises about orthogonal orthographic drawing term used in victoria term used in new zealand isometric drawing they can be used for. Orthographic projection projection of an object engg drawing. For the complete description of the threedimensional object, at least two or three views are required. Engineering graphics essentials 4th edition sdc publications. Show hidden detail where necessary and fully dimensions your drawing. Axonometric projections are orthographic projections that attempt to portray the general threedimensional shape of an object.
But 3d projections are often weak in providing adequate details of the object, and there is often some distortion of the object. The shape of an object is seen in actual size in such drawing. Axonometric drawing that show all three dimensions of an object in one view. Produce a third angle orthogonal orthographic drawing of each object. Orthographic projection is probably the most common form of drawing in engineering mechanical, civil, chemical, electronic, electrical, building, archi tecture. Draw three views of the following components, either in first or third angle projection. The final arrangement of the views are shown in the drawing below. Shoaf space task group engineering division of the proposed lunar lander to be used with an advanced version of the mercury spacecraft.
Orthographic projection in engineering drawing in hindi part1 this is the 1st video on orthographic. Any orthographic projection drawing normal has three views front view, top view and side view right or left side view. The book provides all aspects and detailed study of engineering drawing plane and solid geometry, a core subject for all branches of engineering study, presented in a lucid manner and easytofollow style. At latest count, the department has 43 active faculty, 56 staff members, 311 graduate students, 50 postdoctoral associates, research associates and visitors. This is such a type of drawing in which parallel projection is used for the preparation of the drawing of an object. First angle projection is the opposite to third angle projection. They are commonly used in engineering and architectural drawings and occur as front, side, and planar elevations.
A projection is defined as a representation of an object on a two dimensional plane. See more ideas about orthographic projection, orthographic drawing and isometric drawing. Conversion of pictorial view into orthographic views. Drawings have been the unique language ever since the days of cavemen. On engineering drawing, we have come a long way from the days of leonardo da vinci, the italian polymath who had compiled drawings on a large variety of inventions. Orthographic projection of points, lines, planes and solids. Fundamentals of drafting first angle orthographic projection. Follow the blue, red and green guidelines as the front, side and plan view are constructed. Projections behind every 2d drawing of an object is a. Since the visual rays, called projectors, are perpendicular, i. Fundamentals of engineering drawing with an introduction to interactive computer graphics for. Orthographic projection of a line is given in figure p4. Obviously, an orthographic drawing of only the top view of the object is insufficient to describe the entire object. About the book engineering drawing plane and solid geometry.
Orthographic projection inside the box the international standard. An orthographic drawing represents a threedimensional object using several twodimensional views of the object. Engineering drawing text book by nd bhatt pdf latest. Orthographic projection, common method of representing threedimensional objects, usually by three twodimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Advertisement every engineer must know how to read engineering drawings and the most integral part of this is knowing the difference between first and third angle projection. In this engineering drawing 1st year notes contents.